Here are the most commonly used Mongo Shell commands with example usage.
Basic Commands | ||
|---|---|---|
| To do this | Run this command | Example |
| Connect to local host on default port 27017 | mongo | mongo |
| Connect to remote host on specified port | mongo --host <hostname or ip address> --port <port no> | mongo --host 10.121.65.23 --port 23020 |
| Connect to a database | mongo <host>/<database> | mongo 10.121.65.58/mydb |
| Show current database | db | db |
| Select or switch database [1] | use <database name> | use mydb |
| Execute a JavaScript file | load(<filename>) | load (myscript.js) |
| Display help | help | help |
| Display help on DB methods | db.help() | db.help() |
| Display help on Collection | db.mycol.help() | db.mycol.help() |
Show Commands | ||
| Show all databases | show dbs | show dbs |
| Show all collections in current database | show collections | show collections |
| Show all users on current database | show users | show users |
| Show all roles on current database | show roles | show roles |
CRUD Operations | ||
| Insert a new document in a collection [2] | db.collection.insert( <document> ) | db.books.insert({"isbn": 9780060859749, "title": "After Alice: A Novel", "author": "Gregory Maguire", "category": "Fiction", "year":2016}) |
| Insert multiple documents into a collection | db.collection.insertMany([ <document1>, <document2>, ... ]) -or- db.collection.insert([ <document1>, <document2>, ... ]) | db.books.insertMany( [{"isbn": 9780198321668, "title": "Romeo and Juliet", "author": "William Shakespeare", "category": "Tragedy", "year": 2008}, {"isbn": 9781505297409, "title": "Treasure Island", "author": "Robert Louis Stevenson", "category": "Fiction", "year":2014}]) -or- db.books.insert([{ "isbn":"9781853260001", "title": "Pride and Prejudice", "author": "Jane Austen", "category": "Fiction"}, {"isbn": "9780743273565", "title": "The Great Gatsby", "author": "F. Scott Fitzgerald"} ]) |
| Show all documents in the collection | db.collection.find() | db.books.find() |
| Filter documents by field value condition | db.collection.find(<query>) | db.books.find({"title":"Treasure Island"}) |
| Show only some fields of matching documents | db.collection.find(<query>, <projection>) | db.books.find({"title":"Treasure Island"}, {title:true, category:true, _id:false}) |
| Show the first document that matches the query condition | db.collection.findOne(<query>, <projection>) | db.books.findOne({}, {_id:false}) |
| Update specific fields of a single document that match the query condition | db.collection.update(<query>, <update> ) | db.books.update({title : "Treasure Island"}, {$set : {category :"Adventure Fiction"}}) |
| Remove certain fields of a single document the query condition | db.collection.update(<query>, <update>) | db.books.update({title : "Treasure Island"}, {$unset : {category:""}}) |
| Remove certain fields of all documents that match the query condition | db.collection.update(<query>, <update>, {multi:true} ) | db.books.update({category : "Fiction"}, {$unset : {category:""}}, {multi:true}) |
| Delete a single document that match the query condition | db.collection.remove(<query>, {justOne:true}) | db.books.remove({title :"Treasure Island"}, {justOne:true}) |
| Delete all documents matching a query condition | db.collection.remove(<query>) | db.books.remove({"category" :"Fiction"}) |
| Delete all documents in a collection | db.collection.remove({}) | db.books.remove({}) |
Index | ||
| Create an index | db.collection.createIndex( {indexField:type} ) Type 1 means ascending; -1 means descending | db.books.createIndex({title:1}) |
| Create a unique index | db.collection.createIndex( {indexField:type}, {unique:true} ) | db.books.createIndex( {isbn:1},{unique:true} ) |
| Create a index on multiple fields (compound index) | db.collection.createIndex({indexField1:type1, indexField2:type2, ...}) | db.books.createIndex({title:1, author:-1}) |
| Show all indexes in a collection | db.collection.getIndexes() | db.books.getIndexes() |
| Drop an index | db.collection.dropIndex( {indexField:type} ) | db.books.dropIndex({author:-1}) |
| Show index statistics | db.collection.stats() | db.books.stats() |
Cursor Methods | ||
| Show number of documents in the collection | cursor.count() | db.books.find().count() |
| Limit the number of documents to return | cursor.limit(<n>) | db.books.find().limit(2) |
| Return the result set after skipping the first n number of documents | cursor.skip(<n>) | db.books.find().skip(2) |
| Sort the documents in a result set in ascending or descending order of field values | cursor.sort( <{field : value}> ) value = 1 for ascending, -1 for descending | db.books.find().sort( {title : 1} ) |
| Display formatted (more readable) result | cursor.pretty() | db.books.find({}).pretty() |
Comparison Operators | ||
equals to | {<field>: { $eq: <value> }} | db.books.find({year: {$eq: 2016}}) |
| less than | {<field>: { $lt: <value> }} | db.books.find({year: {$lt: 2010}}) |
| less than or equal to | {<field>: { $lte: <value> }} | db.books.find({year: {$lte: 2008}}) |
| greater than | {<field>: { $gt: <value> }} | db.books.find({year: {$gt: 2014}}) |
| greater than or equal to | {<field>: { $gte: <value> }} | db.books.find({year: {$gte: 2008}}) |
| not equal to | {<field>: { $ne: <value> }} | db.books.find({year: {$ne: 2008}}) |
| value in | {<field>: { $in: [ <value1>, <value2>, ... }} | db.books.find({year: {$in: [2008, 2016]}}) |
| value not in | {<field>: { $nin: [ <value1>, <value2>, ... }} | db.books.find({year: {$nin: [2008, 2016]}}) |
Logical Operators | ||
| OR | { $or: [<expression1>, <expression2>,...]} | db.books.find( { $or: [{year: {$lte: 2008}}, {year: {$eq: 2016}}]} ) |
| AND | { $and: [<expression1>, <expression2>,...]} | db.books.find( { $and: [{year: {$eq: 2008}}, {category: {$eq: "Fiction"}}]} ) |
| NOT | { $not: {<expression>}} | db.books.find( {$not: {year: {$eq: 2016} }}) |
| NOR | { $nor: [<expression1>, <expression2>,...]} | db.books.find( { $nor: [{year: {$lte: 2008}}, {year: {$eq: 2016}}]} ) |
Element Operators | ||
| Match documents that contains that specified field | {<field>: {$exists:true}} | db.books.find( {category: {$exists: true }}) |
| Match documents whose field value is of the specified BSON data type | {<field>: {$type:value}} | db.books.find( {category: {$type: 2 }}) |
[1] Databases are created on the fly and will actually be created when you insert something into it.
[2] Collections are created on the fly when you insert first document into it.
